HVDC Transmission System - Revision history

AJP: Fixed broken link to RCEA paper

2022-10-29T21:29:34Z

Fixed broken link to RCEA paper

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:29, 29 October 2022
Line 109:		Line 109:

	==References==		==References==
	Manitoba Hydro & the Province of Manitoba, December 2015, ''Regional Cumulative Effects Assessment Phase II: Part II Hydroelectric Development Project Description in the Region of Interest''. Retrieved April 1 2016 from, https://www.hydro.mb.ca/regulatory_affairs/rcea~~/pdf~~/rcea_phase2_part_ii_hydroelectric_development_project_description.pdf		Manitoba Hydro & the Province of Manitoba, December 2015, ''Regional Cumulative Effects Assessment Phase II: Part II Hydroelectric Development Project Description in the Region of Interest''. Retrieved April 1 2016 from, https://www.hydro.mb.ca/docs/regulatory_affairs/pdf/rcea/rcea_phase2_part_ii_hydroelectric_development_project_description.pdf

Gcook: /* Background */

2016-05-18T17:05:56Z

Background

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:05, 18 May 2016
Line 2:		Line 2:

	==Background==		==Background==
	As of 2015, a significant amount of the province’s electricity is produced by five hydroelectric generating stations located on the Nelson River in northern Manitoba. The electricity generated must travel over a long distance to southern Manitoba where most of the electricity demand is located. It is more efficient and economical to transmit electricity over such long distances as Direct Current (DC) than Alternating Current (AC) (see Background on the planning of the [[~~HVDC~~ Transmission]]). A high percentage of the existing generation is connected to two northern converter stations which convert the AC electricity coming from the generating stations to DC electricity for transmission to southern Manitoba. Once there, the DC electricity is converted back to AC electricity. The southern converter station then uses transformers to step down the voltage for distribution to customers.		As of 2015, a significant amount of the province’s electricity is produced by five hydroelectric generating stations located on the Nelson River in northern Manitoba. The electricity generated must travel over a long distance to southern Manitoba where most of the electricity demand is located. It is more efficient and economical to transmit electricity over such long distances as Direct Current (DC) than Alternating Current (AC) (see Background on the planning of the [[HVdc Transmission]]). A high percentage of the existing generation is connected to two northern converter stations which convert the AC electricity coming from the generating stations to DC electricity for transmission to southern Manitoba. Once there, the DC electricity is converted back to AC electricity. The southern converter station then uses transformers to step down the voltage for distribution to customers.

	==Location==		==Location==

Gcook: /* Operations */

2016-05-18T17:04:11Z

Operations

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:04, 18 May 2016
Line 99:		Line 99:

	==Operations==		==Operations==
	Access: The Provincial Road (PR) 280 to the Long Spruce area was constructed at the end of construction of the Long Spruce GS. It connected with the existing permanent roads used for construction of the Kettle GS, the Long Spruce GS, the Radisson ~~Converter Station~~ and the Henday ~~Converter Station~~ to become part of the provincial road network as seen today. PR 280 now goes to the Town of Gillam and the segment from the Long Spruce GS turnoff to the Limestone GS/Henday ~~Converter Station~~ area is now designated as PR 290.		Access: The Provincial Road (PR) 280 to the Long Spruce area was constructed at the end of construction of the Long Spruce GS. It connected with the existing permanent roads used for construction of the Kettle GS, the Long Spruce GS, the Radisson CS and the Henday CS to become part of the provincial road network as seen today. PR 280 now goes to the Town of Gillam and the segment from the Long Spruce GS turnoff to the Limestone GS/Henday CS area is now designated as PR 290.

	Communication System: An essential component of the HVdc transmission line system is a complex high-performance communications system that is used to protect and control the HVdc Transmission System. Prior to 2004, the communication system consisted of two microwave systems each linking the Radisson and Henday converter stations in the north to the Dorsey ~~Converter Station~~ in southern Manitoba. This dual route microwave system was operated to protect and control the HVdc Transmission System and other facilities in the north, such as the Grand Rapids, Jenpeg, and Kelsey generating stations.		Communication System: An essential component of the HVdc transmission line system is a complex high-performance communications system that is used to protect and control the HVdc Transmission System. Prior to 2004, the communication system consisted of two microwave systems each linking the Radisson and Henday converter stations in the north to the Dorsey CS in southern Manitoba. This dual route microwave system was operated to protect and control the HVdc Transmission System and other facilities in the north, such as the Grand Rapids, Jenpeg, and Kelsey generating stations.

	One of the microwave systems follows a route through Manitoba’s Interlake corridor while the other was located on the east side of Lake Winnipeg. In October 2004, Manitoba Hydro replaced the east of Lake Winnipeg microwave system with a new fibre optic cable system installed in the Interlake corridor. This new fibre optic cable works alongside the remaining Interlake digital microwave system, providing enhanced reliable communications for all major substations and generating stations along the 653 mi (1,050 km) route as well as facilitating voice and data communications at district offices and other Manitoba Hydro facilities.		One of the microwave systems follows a route through Manitoba’s Interlake corridor while the other was located on the east side of Lake Winnipeg. In October 2004, Manitoba Hydro replaced the east of Lake Winnipeg microwave system with a new fibre optic cable system installed in the Interlake corridor. This new fibre optic cable works alongside the remaining Interlake digital microwave system, providing enhanced reliable communications for all major substations and generating stations along the 653 mi (1,050 km) route as well as facilitating voice and data communications at district offices and other Manitoba Hydro facilities.

	==Rehabilitation==		==Rehabilitation==

Gcook: /* Henday Convertor Station */

2016-05-18T17:02:26Z

Henday Convertor Station

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:02, 18 May 2016
Line 96:		Line 96:

	====Henday Convertor Station====		====Henday Convertor Station====
	No on site construction camp was created as the workforce commuted from the Long Spruce GS construction camp. A 21.5 mi (34.6 km) extension of the 138 kV transmission line (KN36) called the Kettle Station Tap to the Limestone GS was built from the Kettle GS to the Henday Construction power station to provide construction power for both the Henday ~~Converter Station~~ and ultimately for the Limestone GS.		No on site construction camp was created as the workforce commuted from the Long Spruce GS construction camp. A 21.5 mi (34.6 km) extension of the 138 kV transmission line (KN36) called the Kettle Station Tap to the Limestone GS was built from the Kettle GS to the Henday Construction power station to provide construction power for both the Henday CS and ultimately for the Limestone GS.

	==Operations==		==Operations==

Gcook: /* Radisson Convertor Station */

2016-05-18T17:01:37Z

Radisson Convertor Station

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:01, 18 May 2016
Line 93:		Line 93:

	====Radisson Convertor Station====		====Radisson Convertor Station====
	The temporary construction camp for the Kettle GS was used for the Radisson ~~Converter Station~~. Work areas were established near the Radisson site. The workforce commuted from the Kettle GS camp to the Radisson site on a daily basis and lived there for several weeks at a time and travelled to their homes during their days off. A 79 mi (127 km) 138 kV transmission line was built from the Kelsey GS to the Radisson site to provide construction power for both the Radisson ~~Converter Station~~ and the Kettle GS. To achieve this, short tie-ins from the line provided electrical power to the Kettle construction site and nearby Town of Gillam, which was about to undergo a major expansion.		The temporary construction camp for the Kettle GS was used for the Radisson CS. Work areas were established near the Radisson CS site. The workforce commuted from the Kettle GS camp to the Radisson CS site on a daily basis and lived there for several weeks at a time and travelled to their homes during their days off. A 79 mi (127 km) 138 kV transmission line was built from the Kelsey GS to the Radisson CS site to provide construction power for both the Radisson CS and the Kettle GS. To achieve this, short tie-ins from the line provided electrical power to the Kettle GS construction site and nearby Town of Gillam, which was about to undergo a major expansion.

	====Henday Convertor Station====		====Henday Convertor Station====

Gcook: /* Bipole II */

2016-05-18T16:58:44Z

Bipole II

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:58, 18 May 2016
Line 83:		Line 83:

	===Bipole II===		===Bipole II===
	The Bipole II transmission line was previously constructed along with the Bipole I transmission line as far north as the Radisson ~~Converter Station~~. Construction of the 26 mi (42 km) extension of the Bipole II transmission line to the new Henday ~~Converter Station~~ started in 1977. The first stage of Bipole II was complete in 1978 and the second stage was completed in 1985. In 1992 a 6 mi (9 km) Bipole II back-up loop originating at the Henday ~~Converter Station~~ was constructed.		The Bipole II transmission line was previously constructed along with the Bipole I transmission line as far north as the Radisson CS. Construction of the 26 mi (42 km) extension of the Bipole II transmission line to the new Henday CS started in 1977. The first stage of Bipole II was complete in 1978 and the second stage was completed in 1985. In 1992 a 6 mi (9 km) Bipole II back-up loop originating at the Henday CS was constructed.

	===Henday Converter Station===		===Henday Converter Station===

Gcook: /* Radisson Converter Station */

2016-05-18T16:57:19Z

Radisson Converter Station

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:57, 18 May 2016
Line 80:		Line 80:

	===Radisson Converter Station===		===Radisson Converter Station===
	Construction on the Radisson ~~Converter Station~~ began in 1967 and was completed in 1977. The converter station was not ready when the first units at the Kettle GS were commissioned in the fall of 1970 so the DC line was used to transmit AC power to the south until early 1971 when the Radisson ~~Converter Station~~ began operation. After 1978 the Radisson ~~Converter Station~~ began converting power for half of the Long Spruce GS.		Construction on the Radisson CS began in 1967 and was completed in 1977. The converter station was not ready when the first units at the Kettle GS were commissioned in the fall of 1970 so the DC line was used to transmit AC power to the south until early 1971 when the Radisson CS began operation. After 1978 the Radisson CS began converting power for half of the Long Spruce GS.

	===Bipole II===		===Bipole II===

Gcook: /* Radisson Converter Station */

2016-05-18T16:54:42Z

Radisson Converter Station

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:54, 18 May 2016
Line 70:		Line 70:
	===Supporting Infrastructure===		===Supporting Infrastructure===
	====Radisson Converter Station====		====Radisson Converter Station====
	Main access to the region during construction was by the Hudson Bay Railway line (now HBR; Canadian Pacific Railway (CNR) at the time) which had a rail station and siding at the Town of Gillam. A 0.6 mi (1 km) rail spur was added near the Kettle GS site to the Radisson ~~Converter Station~~ site as part of construction. A new 4.4 mi (7 km) permanent gravel road was built from the Town of Gillam to the Kettle GS site and the Radisson ~~Converter Station~~ site to link these projects to the community. The Town of Gillam was not connected to the provincial road network until after completion of the projects. The community has had a permanent airstrip since 1967, which was used as required during construction.		Main access to the region during construction was by the Hudson Bay Railway line (now HBR; Canadian Pacific Railway (CNR) at the time) which had a rail station and siding at the Town of Gillam. A 0.6 mi (1 km) rail spur was added near the Kettle GS site to the Radisson CS site as part of construction. A new 4.4 mi (7 km) permanent gravel road was built from the Town of Gillam to the Kettle GS site and the Radisson CS site to link these projects to the community. The Town of Gillam was not connected to the provincial road network until after completion of the projects. The community has had a permanent airstrip since 1967, which was used as required during construction.

	====Henday Converter Station====		====Henday Converter Station====

Gcook: /* Henday Converter Station */

2016-05-18T16:50:40Z

Henday Converter Station

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:50, 18 May 2016
Line 53:		Line 53:

	===Henday Converter Station===		===Henday Converter Station===
	The Henday ~~Converter Station~~ (Photo 4; Map 2) is the northern terminus for Bipole II. It is located next to the Limestone GS and is 26 mi (42 km) northeast of the Radisson ~~Converter Station~~.		The Henday CS (Photo 4; Map 2) is the northern terminus for Bipole II. It is located next to the Limestone GS and is 26 mi (42 km) northeast of the Radisson CS.

	[[File:HVDC 5.jpg\|thumb\|center\|upright=2.0\|Photo 4: Henday Converter Station]]		[[File:HVDC 5.jpg\|thumb\|center\|upright=2.0\|Photo 4: Henday Converter Station]]
Line 60:		Line 60:

	====Henday Principal Structures====		====Henday Principal Structures====
	AC switchyard: All of the electricity produced at the Limestone GS and one half of that produced at the Long Spruce GS enters Henday through its 230 kV switchyard, where the incoming AC electricity is directed to converter transformers.		AC switchyard: All of the electricity produced at the Limestone GS and one half of that produced at the Long Spruce GS enters Henday CS through its 230 kV switchyard, where the incoming AC electricity is directed to converter transformers.

	Converter transformer area: The converter transformer changes the AC voltage to the required voltage level for the DC conversion equipment.		Converter transformer area: The converter transformer changes the AC voltage to the required voltage level for the DC conversion equipment.
Line 66:		Line 66:
	Valve Halls: The actual conversion process takes place in the valve halls. They are located in the converter building, which also contains the maintenance shops, the control, mechanical, and electrical rooms.		Valve Halls: The actual conversion process takes place in the valve halls. They are located in the converter building, which also contains the maintenance shops, the control, mechanical, and electrical rooms.

	HVDC switchyard: Electricity converted from AC to DC at Henday is transmitted south to Dorsey via the DC transmission line. The switchyard contains the necessary switches to shut off the current if Bipole II is not working, or to switch the current over to Bipole I, if enough room is available to carry the current.		HVDC switchyard: Electricity converted from AC to DC at Henday CS is transmitted south to Dorsey CS via the DC transmission line. The switchyard contains the necessary switches to shut off the current if Bipole II is not working, or to switch the current over to Bipole I, if enough room is available to carry the current.

	===Supporting Infrastructure===		===Supporting Infrastructure===

Gcook: /* Radisson Converter Station */

2016-05-18T16:49:23Z

Radisson Converter Station

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:49, 18 May 2016
Line 37:		Line 37:

	===Radisson Converter Station===		===Radisson Converter Station===
	An aerial view of the Radisson ~~Converter Station~~ is shown in Photo 3. The Radisson ~~Converter Station~~ is the northern terminus of Bipole I and is located 1.2 mi (2 km) south of the Kettle Generating Station (GS) and about 460 mi (740 km) north of the City of Winnipeg by air (Map 1). It converts the AC electricity produced at the nearby Kettle GS and Long Spruce GS on the Nelson River to DC electricity for transmission south to the Dorsey ~~Converter Station~~. The Dorsey ~~Converter Station~~ converts the power back to AC electricity then uses transformers to step down the voltage for distribution to customers.		An aerial view of the Radisson CS is shown in Photo 3. The Radisson CS is the northern terminus of Bipole I and is located 1.2 mi (2 km) south of the Kettle Generating Station (GS) and about 460 mi (740 km) north of the City of Winnipeg by air (Map 1). It converts the AC electricity produced at the nearby Kettle GS and Long Spruce GS on the Nelson River to DC electricity for transmission south to the Dorsey CS. The Dorsey CS converts the power back to AC electricity then uses transformers to step down the voltage for distribution to customers.

	[[File:HVDC 3.jpg\|thumb\|center\|upright=2.0\|Photo 3: Radisson Converter Station]]		[[File:HVDC 3.jpg\|thumb\|center\|upright=2.0\|Photo 3: Radisson Converter Station]]
Line 44:		Line 44:

	====Radisson Principal Structures====		====Radisson Principal Structures====
	AC switchyard: The electricity produced at the Kettle GS and one-half of that produced at Long Spruce GS enters Radisson at its 138 kV switchyard. The switchyard which contains the high voltage breakers, disconnect switches, and AC filters directs the incoming AC power to the converter transformers.		AC switchyard: The electricity produced at the Kettle GS and one-half of that produced at Long Spruce GS enters Radisson CS at its 138 kV switchyard. The switchyard which contains the high voltage breakers, disconnect switches, and AC filters directs the incoming AC power to the converter transformers.

	Converter transformer area: The converter transformer changes the AC voltage to the required voltage level for the DC conversion equipment.		Converter transformer area: The converter transformer changes the AC voltage to the required voltage level for the DC conversion equipment.
Line 50:		Line 50:
	Valve halls: At the heart of the converter process are the converter valves, which are located in the valve halls within the converter building which also contains the maintenance shops, the control, mechanical, and electrical rooms.		Valve halls: At the heart of the converter process are the converter valves, which are located in the valve halls within the converter building which also contains the maintenance shops, the control, mechanical, and electrical rooms.

	HVDC switchyard: Electricity converted to DC leaves Radisson from the HVDC switchyard and is transmitted south to Dorsey ~~Converter Station~~. This switchyard contains the necessary switches for isolation or connection of the poles from and to the DC transmission lines.		HVDC switchyard: Electricity converted to DC leaves Radisson CS from the HVDC switchyard and is transmitted south to Dorsey CS. This switchyard contains the necessary switches for isolation or connection of the poles from and to the DC transmission lines.

	===Henday Converter Station===		===Henday Converter Station===